护坡工程
Slope protection works
4.1 一般规定
4.1 General Provisions
4.1.1 开发建设项目在基建施工和生产运行中由于开挖地面或堆置弃土、弃石、弃渣等形成的不稳定边坡，都应采取护坡工程。
4.1.1 in the process of infrastructure construction and production operation of development and construction projects, slope protection works shall be adopted for unstable slopes formed by excavation of ground or stacking of spoil, stone and slag.
4.1.2 根据边坡的高度和坡度等不同条件，分别采取不同的护坡工程。主要有以下几种：
4.1.2 according to different conditions such as slope height and slope, different slope protection works are adopted. There are mainly the following:
1 对边坡高度大于4m、坡度大于1.0：1.5的，应采取削坡开级工程。
1. If the slope height is more than 4 m and the slope is greater than 1.0:1.5, the slope cutting and grading engineering shall be adopted.
2 对边坡小于1.0：1.5的土质或沙质坡面，可采取植物护坡工程。
2. For soil or sandy slope with slope less than 1.0:1.5, plant slope protection can be adopted.
3 对堆置物或山体不稳定处形成的高陡边坡，或坡脚遭受水流淘刷的，应采取护坡工程。
3. For the high and steep slope formed at the unstable place of pile or mountain, or the slope toe is scoured by water, slope protection works shall be taken.
4 对条件较复杂的不稳定边坡，应采取综合护坡工程。
4. For the unstable slope with complex conditions, comprehensive slope protection should be adopted.
5 对滑坡地段应采取滑坡治理工程。
5. Landslide treatment project should be adopted for landslide section.
4.2 削坡开级
4.2 slope cutting and grading
4.2.1 土质坡面的削坡开级。主要有直线形、折线形、阶梯形、大平台形等4种形式。
4.2.1 cutting and grading of soil slope. There are mainly four forms of straight line, broken line, ladder and large platform.
1 直线形：
1 linear shape:
1)适用于高度小于20m、结构紧密的均质土坡，或高度小于12m的非均质土坡。
1) It is suitable for homogeneous soil slope with height less than 20m and compact structure, or heterogeneous soil slope with height less than 12m.
2)从上到下，削成同一坡度，削坡后比原坡度减缓，达到该类土质的稳定坡度。
2) From the top to the bottom, the slope is cut to the same slope, which is slower than the original slope, reaching the stable slope of this kind of soil.
3)对有松散夹层的土坡，其松散部分应采取加固措施。
3) For the soil slope with loose interlayer, the loose part should be reinforced.